上级发展性反馈对任务绩效的影响：技能提升行为与领导成员交换关系的作用

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 促进资源发展与资源利用是解释领导行为对个体结果产生影响的重要机制，但目前对上级发展性反馈影响员工任务绩效过程机制的考察更多聚焦于资源利用路径，忽视了对资源发展路径的考察。基于领导过程模型，本研究提出技能提升行为和领导成员交换关系分别作为任务资源发展、关系资源发展，是解释上级发展性反馈影响员工任务绩效的中介变量，并且技能提升行为与领导成员交换关系在这一过程中相互替代。通过对498名员工和122名领导的配对数据分析，结果表明：上级发展性反馈对员工任务绩效产生积极影响；领导成员交换关系在上级发展性反馈与员工任务绩效关系中具有中介作用，但技能提升行为在二者间的中介作用不显著；技能提升行为和领导成员交换关系对任务绩效具有负向交互作用，并且其对员工任务绩效的影响存在替代作用。上述发现拓展了领导过程模型的应用情境，明确了上级发展性反馈影响任务绩效的多过程资源发展路径，细化了领导过程理论中的资源发展类型，深化了领导过程理论中不同资源发展路径的复杂作用关系。

关键词: 上级发展性反馈, 任务绩效, 技能提升行为, 领导成员交换关系, 领导过程理论

Abstract: Facilitating resource development and resource utilization are important mechanisms to explain the impact of leadeship behaviors on individual outcomes, but the existing researches examine the process mechanism of leader developmental feedback affecting employee task performance mainly from the perspective of resource utilization paths, without regard to resource development paths. Based on the leadership process model, this paper argues that skill development behavior and leader-member exchange as task and relationship resource development, respectively, are the mediating variables that can explain the influence of leader developmental feedback on employee task performance, and skill development behavior and leader-member exchange substitute for each other in this process. By analyzing the paired data of 498 employees and 122 leaders, this study finds that: leader developmental feedback positively influences employee task performance; skill development behavior and leader-member exchange both have a mediating role in the relationship between leader developmental feedback and employee task performance; skill development behavior and leader-member exchange have a negative interaction effect on task performance and there is an alternative role of mediation in the relationship between leader developmental feedback and employee task performance. The above findings expand the application context of the leadership process model, clarify the multi-process resource development paths of leader developmental feedback affecting task performance, refine the types of resource development in leadership process theory, and deepen the complex role of different resource development paths in leadership process theory.

Key words: leader developmental feedback, task performance, skill development behavior, leader-member exchange, leadership process model

尹奎, 许倩, 董念念, 张凯丽, 牛佳. 上级发展性反馈对任务绩效的影响：技能提升行为与领导成员交换关系的作用[J]. 管理评论, 2025, 37(1): 154-165.

Yin Kui, Xu Qian, Dong Niannian, Zhang Kaili, Niu Jia. The Effect of Leader Developmental Feedback on Task Performance: The Role of Skill Development Behavior and Leader-Member Exchange[J]. Management Review, 2025, 37(1): 154-165.

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