管理评论 ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 298-310.

• 公共管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

“公”“私”之辩:公民认知偏好结构如何影响公共议题的生成

郎玫1,2, 简楠韬1,2   

  1. 1. 兰州大学管理学院, 兰州 730000;
    2. 中国政府绩效管理研究中心, 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-08 出版日期:2021-02-28 发布日期:2021-03-08
  • 作者简介:郎玫,兰州大学管理学院副教授,博士;简楠韬,兰州大学管理学院硕士研究生。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年项目(71904070);教育部人文社会科学基金青年项目(19YJC810007);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(18LZUJBWZX007;2019jbkyjd004;2019jbkyzy027)。

The “Public”/“Private” Debate: How does the Preference Cognition Structure Influence the Creation of Public Issues?

Lang Mei1,2, Jian Nantao1,2   

  1. 1. School of Management, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000;
    2. Research Center for Chinese Government Performance Management, Lanzhou 730000
  • Received:2020-04-08 Online:2021-02-28 Published:2021-03-08

摘要: “公”与“私”的认知是构成公民个体对公共领域与私人领域差异性认知的前提,从历史看,“公”“私”认知存在着演变过程中的混同性、场域性与策略性平衡,三重特征构成个体在“公”“私”认知演化中的路径约束。本文以演化认知理论为基础,从文化维度、制度维度和个体选择维度勾勒出公民“公”“私”认知演化的三种路径,形成公民个体认知理性类型,同时将其与认知能力的相互影响内生化,形成公民个体认知偏好结构,即新古典理性型、全面理性型、惰性隐藏型、集体理性型。以此为理论框架,研究公民“公”“私”认知偏好类型是否会对公共议题产生认同上的差异。通过选取CGSS2015数据对该问题进行实证检验,研究发现:从公民“公”“私”认知理性与认知能力的理论框架出发,公民“公”“私”认知偏好存在结构性差异;“公”“私”认知偏好结构对政府责任型公共议题的赞同度存在显著差异。最后,解释出现这一问题的可能原因与实践意义。

关键词: 公共领域, 私人领域, 认知偏好, 公共议题

Abstract: The cognition on “the public” and “the private” is a precondition to cause citizens' cognition differences between public domain and private domain. It is featured with the fuzziness of the boundary, the situationality and the structuredness. Considering the cognition on “the public” and “the private” in the process of historical evolution, we divide citizens' preference cognition structures into four types: selfish type, separate type, mixed type and moral-dominated type, and based on it, try to construct a theoretical framework and then analyze whether citizens' preference cognition structures cause the cognitive differences on different public issues. By conducting hypothesis tests according to the data from CGSS2015, we concludes that, citizens' preference cognition structures on “the public” and “the private” are different; the cognitive preference on public domain and private domain and the four citizens' preference cognition structures significantly influence the recognition on social effectiveness-type issues and governmental responsibility-type issues.

Key words: public domain, private domain, preference cognition, public issues