从失败中识别商机:心理安全与建言行为的角色

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

过往关于机会识别影响因素研究多关注创业者特征与行为，较少考察情景特征与创业团队群体认知的作用。本研究聚焦新产品开发失败这一特定情景，探索先前项目失败经验对机会识别的相机影响。使用层级回归检验了心理安全和建言行为对先前项目失败经验和机会识别之间关系的调节作用，及心理安全对建言行为的直接影响。随后，使用参数自助法检验了建言行为在心理安全对先前项目失败经验和机会识别间关系调节效应中的中介作用。研究发现，面对新产品开发失败，心理安全正向调节先前项目失败经验和机会识别之间关系，建言行为部分中介心理安全对先前项目失败经验与机会识别间关系的调节效应。研究表明，创业者能否从项目失败中识别更多新机会取决于组织氛围与团队对当前项目失败的集体性意义建构。

关键词: 新产品开发, 项目失败, 先前项目失败经验, 机会识别, 心理安全, 建言行为

Abstract:

Existing studies on antecedents of opportunity identification focus the traits and behaviors of entrepreneurs, thus understate the critical role of contextual characteristics and collective cognition of entrepreneurial team. To address these gaps, we investigate the contingent effect of prior project failure experience (PPFE) of new product development (NPD) team leader on opportunity identification from the last NPD project failure. Using hierarchy regression, we examine the moderating effects of psychological safety of NPD team and voice behavior of NPD members on the relationship between PPFE and opportunities identified from the last NPD project failure, as well as the effect of psychological safety on voice behavior. Using bootstrapping approach, we examine the mediating effect of psychological safety on the moderating effect of voice behavior. The result shows that psychological safety positively moderates PPFE-opportunity identification relationship, and voice behavior partially mediates the moderating effect of psychological safety. Our results suggest that opportunities identified from project failure are contingent on organizational climate and collective sensemaking of project failure by NPD team.

Key words: new product development, project failure, prior project failure experience, opportunity identification, psychological safety, voice behavior

于晓宇, 胡芝甜, 陈依, 陶向明, 杜旭霞. 从失败中识别商机:心理安全与建言行为的角色[J]. , 2016, 28(7): 154-164.

Yu Xiaoyu, Hu Zhitian, Chen Yi, Tao Xiangming, Du Xuxia. Identifying Opportunities from Failure: The Role of Psychological Safety and Voice Behavior[J]. , 2016, 28(7): 154-164.

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