程序化任务中的随机中断双面性：来自机械加工的证据

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在生产制造流程中，某些中断的发生时间和持续时间是随机的，且这些中断能够让员工在不转移自身注意力的情况下得到短暂的休息，因此，这些中断对员工来说并不总是有害的，或者说具有“双刃剑”效应。为了研究这种效应，基于中断成本和遗忘曲线等理论，本文分析了随机中断持续时间和频率对员工生产效率的影响，并利用从某机械配件制造流水线上收集的数据进行了实证检验。研究结果表明，中断的持续时间、频率与员工生产效率具有倒U型曲线关系，而中断的频率对中断持续时间与员工生产效率的关系具有负向调节作用。本研究为管理人员优化和改变一些生产制造流程提供了理论依据。

关键词: 中断, 持续时间, 频率, 产出率, 制造业

Abstract: In manufacturing processes, some interruptions occur with random timing and duration. Such interruptions can provide employees with brief breaks without fully diverting their attention, these interruptions are not always harmful to employees. In other words, they have a “double-edged sword” effect on employee productivity. To investigate this effect, this study draws on interruption cost theory and the forgetting curve to analyze the impact of the duration and frequency of random interruptions on employee production efficiency. An empirical study is conducted using data collected from an assembly line in a mechanical parts manufacturing plant. The findings reveal an inverted U-shaped relationship between interruption duration and employee productivity, as well as between interruption frequency and productivity. Furthermore, interruption frequency negatively moderates the inverted U-shaped relationship between interruption duration and output. These findings provide practical insights for managers to optimize and adjust employee work processes.

Key words: interruption, duration, frequency, productivity, manufacturing

王辉, 杨海丽, 舒维佳, 易思源. 程序化任务中的随机中断双面性：来自机械加工的证据[J]. 管理评论, 2026, 38(3): 238-248.

Wang Hui, Yang Haili, Shu Weijia, Yi Siyuan. The Dual Nature of Random Interruptions in Programmed Tasks—Evidence from Mechanical Manufacturing[J]. Management Review, 2026, 38(3): 238-248.

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