本土跨国公司创新生态网络位置关系对创新生态位适宜度影响机理研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究基于生态系统“隶属观”与知识基础理论，探讨本土跨国公司创新生态网络位置关系影响其创新生态系统生态位适宜度（以下简称创新生态位适宜度）的内在机理与情境机制，并采用电子设备制造业116家本土上市跨国公司2011—2020年平衡面板数据进行实证检验。结果表明：在本土跨国公司创新生态系统中，创新生态网络同位置和异位置关系均正向影响创新生态位适宜度，但异位置关系比同位置关系更能提升创新生态位适宜度；研发国际化在创新生态网络位置关系与创新生态位适宜度之间发挥中介作用；知识搜寻广度与深度在创新生态网络同位置关系与创新生态位适宜度之间发挥负向调节作用，在异位置关系与创新生态位适宜度之间发挥正向调节作用；创新新颖度在“异位置关系—研发国际化—创新生态位适宜度”中介路径发挥负向调节作用。由此，本研究不仅丰富了创新生态系统理论在跨国公司研究的应用，而且为本土跨国公司更高效地借助创新生态系统促进创新发展提供了理论借鉴。

关键词: 跨国公司, 创新生态系统, 网络位置关系, 研发国际化, 生态位适宜度

Abstract: Based on the “ecosystem-as-affiliation” view and knowledge-based theory, this study explores the mechanism and contingent factors of innovation ecological network positional relationship of local multinational enterprises influencing their innovation niche-fitness, and uses the balanced panel data composed of 1,160 observations from 116 Chinese local listed multinational enterprises in the electronic equipment manufacturing industry from 2011 to 2020 to empirically test the conceptual model. The results show that: within the innovation ecosystem of local multinational enterprises, (1) the homophilous-position relationship and heterophilous-position relationship of local multinational enterprises’ innovation ecological network have significant positive effects on innovation niche-fitness, but heterophilous-position relationship improves innovation niche-fitness more significantly than homophilous-position relationship; (2) R&D internationalization plays a mediating role in the relationship between the two dimensions of innovation ecological network positional relationship and innovation niche-fitness; (3) the breadth and depth of knowledge search negatively moderate the relationship between the homophilous-position relationship of innovation ecological network and innovation niche-fitness, but positively moderate the relationship between the heterophilous-position relationship and innovation niche-fitness; and (4) innovation novelty plays a negative moderating role in the mediating path of “heterophilous-position relationship-R&D internationalization-innovation niche-fitness”. This study not only enriches the theoretical framework of innovation ecosystem and its application in multinational enterprises research; but also provides theoretical recommendations for local multinational enterprises to enhance their innovation abilities by leveraging innovation ecosystem more efficiently.

Key words: multinational enterprises, innovation ecosystem, network positional relationship, R&D internationalization, niche-fitness

解学梅, 刘晓杰. 本土跨国公司创新生态网络位置关系对创新生态位适宜度影响机理研究[J]. 管理评论, 2025, 37(12): 106-120.

Xie Xuemei, Liu Xiaojie. The Mechanism of How Local Multinational Enterprises’ Innovation Ecological Network Positional Relationship Influences Innovation Niche-fitness[J]. Management Review, 2025, 37(12): 106-120.

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