跨国企业生态整合劣势动态克服过程与环境构型组合——基于中企案例及fsQCA方法

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 生态整合劣势的概念深化了对企业出海过程中外来者劣势影响因素的讨论，并倡导构建多维度的当地生态系统，以促进企业在东道国市场上实现有效竞争。然而，现有文献对于企业如何克服生态整合劣势的过程机制尚未探究。本文采用案例分析及NCA与fsQCA方法，以合法性获取为线索，剖析案例跨国企业克服生态整合劣势的动态过程机制，并探究影响跨国企业生态整合劣势克服水平的环境构型组合。研究得出：（1）生态整合劣势动态克服过程模型，包括市场初入时期的生态整合劣势遭遇、市场发展时期的生态整合劣势维稳、外部冲击时期的生态整合劣势防御三个阶段；（2）产生高生态整合劣势克服水平的环境构型组合，是以制度距离、基尼指数、城镇化率、外资流入、贸易竞争优势、经济复杂性构成的五种促进高企业生态整合劣势克服水平的环境条件组态。本研究为跨国企业与经济开放国家在当地实现良好生态嵌入及构建其良性发展环境提供理论支撑与指导。

关键词: 生态整合劣势, 合法性, NCA, fsQCA

Abstract: The concept of liability of ecosystem integration (LoEI) expands the scope of discussions on liability of foreignness (LoF) and liability of outsider (LoO). Regarding the influencing factors of companies going overseas, LoEI broadens the scope of responsibilities that foreign entrants may face and proposes the establishment of a multi-layered local ecosystem to be effective in the host country market, but the process mechanism of how companies overcome LoEI has not yet been explored. This paper uses case analysis and NCA and fsQCA methods, taking legitimacy acquisition as a clue to analyze the dynamic process mechanism of how overseas enterprises overcome LoEI, and explore the combination of ecosystem configurations that affect the level of overseas enterprises overcoming LoEI. The study concludes that: (1) the dynamic process model of LoEI includes three stages: encountering LoEI at the initial market entry period, maintaining LoEI at the market development period, and defending LoEI at the period of external shocks; (2) ecosystem configuration combinations that produce high LoEI-overcoming levels include institutional distance, Gini index, urbanization rate, foreign capital inflow, trade competitive advantage, and economic complexity. The research provides theoretical support and guidance for overseas enterprises and economically open countries to achieve high local ecosystem embeddedness and build their development environment.

Key words: liability of ecosystem integration, legitimacy, NCA, fsQCA

高雅琪, 蔡文轩, 石先蔚. 跨国企业生态整合劣势动态克服过程与环境构型组合——基于中企案例及fsQCA方法[J]. 管理评论, 2025, 37(3): 261-275.

Gao Yaqi, Cai Wenxuan, Shi Xianwei. The Dynamic Process of Overcoming Liability of Ecosystem Integration and Ecosystem Configuration Combination: A Case Study and an fsQCA Analysis[J]. Management Review, 2025, 37(3): 261-275.

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