医养结合如何影响民营养老机构的服务效率？——来自北京市的证据

管理评论 ›› 2020, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (12): 295-306.

医养结合如何影响民营养老机构的服务效率？——来自北京市的证据

刘桂海^1,2, 范雨琪¹, 刘章生¹, 范丽琴³, 钟荣桂^4,5

1. 江西师范大学城市建设学院, 南昌 330022;
2. 江西师范大学马克思主义学院, 南昌 330022;
3. 新疆农业大学经济与贸易学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052;
4. 深圳证券交易所综合研究所, 深圳 518010;
5. 中国人民大学住房发展研究中心, 北京 100872

收稿日期:2020-07-24 出版日期:2020-12-28 发布日期:2020-12-30
通讯作者: 刘章生(通讯作者),江西师范大学城市建设学院副教授,硕士生导师
作者简介:刘桂海,江西师范大学城市建设学院讲师,马克思主义学院博士研究生;范雨琪,江西师范大学城市建设学院硕士研究生;范丽琴,新疆农业大学经济与贸易学院硕士研究生;钟荣桂,深圳证券交易所综合研究所、中国人民大学住房发展研究中心研究员。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（71863020）；江西省高校人文社会科学青年项目（JC19225）；江西省教育厅科学技术研究一般项目（GJJ191696）。

How does the Combination of Medical Care and Nursing Affect the Service Efficiency of Private Elderly Nursing Institutions——Evidence from the Data of Beijing City

Liu Guihai^1,2, Fan Yuqi¹, Liu Zhangsheng¹, Fan Liqin³, Zhong Ronggui^4,5

1. College of City Construction, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022;
2. College of Marxism, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022;
3. School of Economics and Business, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052;
4. Research Institute of Shenzhen Stock Exchange, Shenzhen 518010;
5. Housing Development Research Center, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872

Received:2020-07-24 Online:2020-12-28 Published:2020-12-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于北京市242家民营养老机构的调研数据，运用DEA-BCC模型及Bootstrap-DEA修正方法测算了北京市民营养老机构的服务效率，综合利用Tobit、IV Tobit、2SLS等模型系统分析了医养结合对民营养老机构服务效率的影响效应及作用机制。研究发现，现有政策体系下，医养结合对民营养老机构的服务效率具有显著的负向影响效应。医养结合可以通过收入效应和成本效应两方面作用渠道影响服务效率。一方面，医养结合通过提升入住率提高服务效率，但现有政策红利的收入效应对服务效率的影响却存在不确定性，而收费标准的收入效应甚至导致了服务效率损失；另一方面，医养结合可以通过"工资成本""护理成本"和"接济支出"等成本效应渠道显著降低服务效率。为此，加大政策扶持力度、丰富机构收入来源和优化医养结合制度，将有助于民营养老机构提升服务效率。

关键词: 医养结合, 服务效率, 收入效应, 成本效应

Abstract: Based on the survey data of 242 private nursing homes for the aged in Beijing, this paper evaluates the service efficiency of private nursing homes for seniors with BCC model of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and therevised Bootstrap-DEA technique. The effect and mechanism of medical-pension combination mode on the service efficiency of private pension institutions are systematically explored with the Tobit, IV Tobit and 2SLS models. The results show that, under the current policy system, the combination of medical care and nursing care has a significant negative effect on the service efficiency of private pension service institutions. The combination of medical care and nursing can affect service efficiency through revenue effect and cost effect. The service efficiency of medical-pension combination mode, on the one hand, can be improved by raising the occupancy rate. However, the income effect of existing bonus policies has an uncertain impact on service efficiency, and the income effect of current charging standards even lead to the service efficiency loss. On the other hand, the combination of medical care and nursing can largely reduce the service efficiency through the cost effect channels such as "wage costs", "nursing costs" and "assistant spending". Therefore, it is conducive to promote the service efficiency of private pension institutions by strengthening policy support, diversifying institutional income sources, and optimizing the system of combining medical and nursing care.

Key words: combination of medical care and nursing, service efficiency, income effect, cost effect

刘桂海, 范雨琪, 刘章生, 范丽琴, 钟荣桂. 医养结合如何影响民营养老机构的服务效率？——来自北京市的证据[J]. 管理评论, 2020, 32(12): 295-306.

Liu Guihai, Fan Yuqi, Liu Zhangsheng, Fan Liqin, Zhong Ronggui. How does the Combination of Medical Care and Nursing Affect the Service Efficiency of Private Elderly Nursing Institutions——Evidence from the Data of Beijing City[J]. Management Review, 2020, 32(12): 295-306.

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