组织学习对知识创新的影响：以组织忘记为中介

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 新冠肺炎疫情给全球经济带来了巨大的影响，如何在经济下行的压力下生存和发展是企业目前面临的难题。知识创新能力已经成为国家和企业保持持续竞争优势的核心能力，知识创新的相关问题也成为学术界的研究热点和企业关注的重点。本文从组织学习的视角出发，将组织学习细分为学习承诺、共同愿景和开放心智三个维度，探讨组织学习对知识创新的影响，分析组织忘记在组织学习影响知识创新时的中介效应。通过文献梳理构建概念模型，基于174份国内企业员工的问卷调查数据，运用相关分析和回归分析进行实证分析，结果显示：（1）组织学习与组织忘记均对知识创新有显著的促进作用，其中共同愿景与开放心智对知识创新有显著的促进作用，而学习承诺对知识创新的促进作用不明显；（2）组织忘记在组织学习与知识创新之间起到中介作用。

关键词: 知识创新, 组织学习, 组织忘记, 层次回归

Abstract: The coronavirus has had a huge impact on the global economy. Survival and development under the pressure of economic downturn is a big challenge confronting many enterprises. The knowledge innovation capability based on organizational learning is increasingly becoming the core competence of national and corporate development, and its importance has become more prominent. Knowledge innovation has also become a hot spot in the current academic community. From the perspective of organizational learning, this paper divides organizational learning into three dimensions:learning commitment, common vision and open mind. It explores the impact of organizational learning on knowledge innovation, especially the mediating effect that organizational unlearning has when organizational learning affects knowledge innovation. Based on the literature review, we explore the construction of a conceptual model. Based on the survey data of 174 domestic enterprise employees, an empirical analysis is performed using correlation analysis and regression analysis. The results show that:(1) Organizational learning and organizational unlearning have a significant role in promoting knowledge innovation. Among them, the common vision and open mind have a significant role in promoting knowledge innovation, while learning commitment contributes little to promoting knowledge innovation; (2) Organization unlearning plays a mediating role between organizational learning and knowledge innovation. This research provides new insights into the process of promoting enterprise innovation practice.

Key words: knowledge innovation, organizational learning, organizational unlearning, hierarchical regression

沈波, 卢宜芳, 吴甜. 组织学习对知识创新的影响：以组织忘记为中介[J]. 管理评论, 2020, 32(12): 135-145.

Shen Bo, Lu Yifang, Wu Tian. The Impact of Organizational Learning on Knowledge Innovation: Mediated by Organizational Unlearning[J]. Management Review, 2020, 32(12): 135-145.

参考文献

[1] 曲如杰,朱厚强,刘晔,等. 组织创新重视感与员工创新:员工创新期待与创新人格的作用[J]. 管理评论, 2019,31(12):159-169
[2] Krogh G. V., Nonaka I., Rechsteiner L. Leadership in Organizational Knowledge Creation:A Review and Framework[J]. Journal of Management Studies, 2012,49(1):240-277
[3] 肖希明. 知识创新与知识信息管理[J]. 图书情报知识, 1999,(1):3-5
[4] 郭韬,王广益,王晨. 组织学习对企业成长绩效的影响——区域环境的调节作用[J]. 学习与探索, 2017,(7):137-143
[5] 邹国平,郭韬,任雪娇. 区域环境因素对科技型企业规模的影响研究——组织学习和智力资本的中介作用[J]. 管理评论, 2017,29(5):52-63
[6] 倪渊,樊辉,张健. 网络能力、主动组织遗忘与前摄式商业模式创新[J]. 科技进步与对策, 2019,36(10):26-33
[7] 邢丽微,李卓键. 组织忘记、组织柔性与原始性创新:组织学习和冗余资源的调节作用[J]. 预测, 2017,36(4):9-14
[8] Gomes G., Wojahn R. M. Organizational Learning Capability, Innovation and Performance:Study in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMES)[J]. Revista de Administração, 2017,52(2):163-175
[9] Klammer A., Gueldenberg S. Unlearning and Forgetting in Organizations:A Systematic Review of Literature[J]. Journal of Knowledge Management, 2019,23(5):860-888
[10] 陈艳,张江甫. 网络位置视阈下企业创新能力影响因素实证分析[J]. 商业经济研究, 2018,(10):110-113
[11] Volberda., Henk W. Toward the Flexible Form:How to Remain Vital in Hypercompetitive Environments[J]. Organization Science, 1996,7(4):359-374
[12] 邹国庆,许诺. 组织学习·知识创新·企业绩效[J]. 求索, 2013,(8):216-219
[13] Delshab V., Pyun D. Y., Kerwin S., et al. The Impact of Unlearning Context on Organizational Performance through Knowledge Management:A Case of Community Sport Clubs in Iran[EB/OL]. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2020.02.001,2020-04-22
[14] Hislop D., Bosley S., Coombs C. R., et al. The Process of Individual Unlearning:A Neglected Topic in an Under-researched Field[J]. Management Learning, 2014,45(5):540-560
[15] Klammer A., Grisold T., Gueldenberg S. Introducing a ‘Stop-doing’ Culture:How to Free Your Organization from Rigidity[J]. Business Horizons, 2019,62(4):451-458
[16] 沈波,吴甜. 知识创新机制:基于组织记忆动态过程的分析[J]. 管理评论, 2019,31(9):94-104
[17] Argyris C., Sch n D. A. Organizational Learning:A Theory of Action Perspective[M]. Philippines:Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1978
[18] Huber G. P. Organizational Learning:The Contributing Processes and the Literatures[J]. Organization Science, 1991,2(1):88-115
[19] Crossan M. M., Lane H. W., White R. E. An Organizational Learning Framework:From Intuition to Institution[J]. The Academy of Management Review, 1999,24(3):522-537
[20] Mandegari M., Seyedaliakbar M. S., Tohidi H. Organizational Learning Measurement and the Effect on Firm Innovation[J]. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 2012,25(3):219-245
[21] Amidon R. D. M. Knowledge Innovation System:The Common Language[J]. Journal of Technology Studies, 1993,19(2):2-8
[22] 马鹤丹. 基于区域创新网络的企业知识创新研究[J]. 人民论坛·学术前沿, 2018,(5):92-95
[23] Nonaka I., Takeuchi H. The Knowledge-Creating Company:How Japanese Companies Create the Dynamics of Innovation[M]. New York:Oxford University Press, 1995
[24] Nonaka I., Konno N. The Concept of Ba, Building a Foundation for Knowledge Creation[J]. California Management Review, 1998,40(3):40-54
[25] Gülhan K., Acar A. Z. The Mediating Role of Organizational Learning Capability on the Relationship between Innovation and Firm's Performance:A Conceptual Framework[J]. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2015,210:164-169
[26] 何绍华,曾文武. 基于组织学习的知识创新过程研究[J]. 图书情报知识, 2007,(2):93-95
[27] 王笑晗. 创新型企业组织学习、动态能力与企业创新绩效的关系研究[D]. 北京交通大学硕士学位论文, 2019
[28] 杜俊义,崔海龙. 互补知识对技术创新动态能力的影响——以组织学习作为调节变量[J]. 技术经济与管理研究, 2019,(9):45-52
[29] 张志鹏. 基于企业文化认同的组织学习与知识创新[J]. 现代管理科学, 2005,(3):91-92
[30] Cohen W. M., Levinthal D. A. Absorptive Capacity:A New Perspective on Learning and Innovation[J]. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1990,35(1):128-152
[31] Holan P. M. D., Phillips N. Remembrance of Things Past? The Dynamics of Organizational Forgetting[J]. Management Science, 2004,50(11):1603-1613
[32] Akgün A. E., Lynn G. S., Byrne J. C. Antecedents and Consequences of Unlearning in New Product Development Teams[J]. The Journal of Product Innovation Management, 2006,23(1):73-88
[33] 卢艳秋,赵英鑫,崔月慧,等. 组织忘记与创新绩效:战略柔性的中介作用[J]. 科研管理, 2014,35(3):58-65
[34] Durisin B., Todorova G. A Study of the Performativity of the "Ambidextrous Organizations" Theory:Neither Lost in nor Lost before Translation[J]. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 2012,29(S1):53-75
[35] 王丽平,赵飞跃. 组织忘记、关系学习、企业开放度与商业模式创新[J]. 科研管理, 2016,37(3):42-50
[36] Becker., Karen. Unlearning as a Driver of Sustainable Change and Innovation:Three Australian Case Studies[J]. International Journal of Technology Management, 2008,42(1/2):89-106
[37] Leal-Rodríguez A. L., Eldridge S., Roldán J. L., et al. Organizational Unlearning, Innovation Outcomes, and Performance:The Moderating Effect of Firm Size[J]. Journal of Business Research, 2015,68(4):803-809
[38] 潘安成,邹媛春. 组织忘记、组织学习与企业动态能力[J]. 科研管理, 2010,31(1):33-37
[39] Huang D., Chen S., Zhang G., et al. Organizational Forgetting, Absorptive Capacity, and Innovation Performance:A Moderated Mediation Analysis[J]. Management Decision, 2018,56(1):87-104
[40] Baker W. E., Sinkula J. M. The Synergistic Effect of Market Orientation and Learning Orientation on Organizational Performance[J]. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 1999,27(4):411-427
[41] 赵飞跃. 组织忘记、关系学习对商业模式创新的影响机制研究[D]. 天津理工大学硕士学位论文, 2016
[42] 耿小庆. 组织知识创新与企业能力成长研究[D]. 天津大学博士学位论文, 2008
[43] 耿小庆. 组织知识创新与企业能力成长:一个实证分析[J]. 软科学, 2011,25(8):17-21
[44] 宋瑞晓,魏静,李东,等. 组织记忆与组织遗忘对知识转移的影响——基于社会网络视角[J]. 管理评论, 2011,23(11):143-150
[45] 曾萍. 学习、创新与动态能力——华南地区企业的实证研究[J]. 管理评论, 2011,23(1):85-95
[46] Michael T. H., Freeman J. Structural Inertia and Organizational Change[J]. American Sociological Review, 1984,3(3):149-164
[47] 简泽,徐扬,李玉花,等. 生产率困境的形成与治理机制:一个新的理论框架[J]. 管理世界, 2020,36(1):187-205
[48] 朱方伟,宋昊阳,王鹏. 项目化变革情境下企业如何克服组织惯性的束缚——基于行动研究法的路径与策略分析[J]. 管理评论, 2018,30(8):209-224
[49] 刘贵文,李凯健,张应珍,等. 技术变革背景下在位企业资源基础与商业模式创新:二元动态能力的中介作用[J]. 管理评论, 2019,31(7):252-263
[50] 王永伟,马洁,吴湘繁,等. 新技术导入、组织惯例更新、企业竞争力研究——基于诺基亚、苹果案例对比研究[J]. 科学学与科学技术管理, 2012,33(11):150-159